No. 01
基于斯塔克梳与可扩展里德堡气室阵列的按需瞬时带宽微波接收机On-demand instantaneous bandwidth microwave receiver via scalable Rydberg Vapor cell array with Stark comb
基于里德堡原子的微波（MW）传感器具有高灵敏度和本征可溯源性，但其瞬时带宽从根本上受原子相干时间限制。本文提出一种可扩展的传感架构，通过用斯塔克梳对原子探测通道进行空间复用，克服了这一限制：其中微波频率梳（MFC）与位置相关的斯塔克场使每个里德堡气室都成为一个独立的频率选择性外差接收机。我们用21线微波频率梳对各个斯塔克频移通道进行顺序表征，实验验证了210 MHz瞬时带宽的信道化接收机架构，并在载波共振频率调谐160 MHz的情况下仍保持326.6 nVcm −1 Hz −1/2 的整体灵敏度。要在210 MHz带宽上实现完全同时运行，需要所有通道的并行实现与读出。这种可扩展架构在保持灵敏度的同时实现了按需瞬时带宽，为雷达、通信和频谱监测中的实时宽带微波探测提供了一条途径。
Abstract (English)
Rydberg-atom-based microwave (MW) sensors offer high sensitivity and intrinsic traceability, but their instantaneous bandwidth is fundamentally limited by atomic coherence time. Here, we introduce a scalable sensing architecture that overcomes this limitation by spatially multiplexing atomic detection channels with a Stark comb, in which an MW frequency comb (MFC) and a position-dependent Stark field enable each Rydberg vapor cell to function as an independent frequency-selective heterodyne receiver. We experimentally validate the 210 MHz instantaneous-bandwidth channelized receiver architecture through sequential characterization of individual Stark-shifted channels using a 21-line MFC, while maintaining an overall sensitivity of 326.6 nVcm −1 Hz −1/2 despite a 160 MHz tuning of the carrier resonance frequency. Full simultaneous operation across the 210 MHz bandwidth requires parallel implementation and readout of all channels. This scalable architecture enables on-demand instantaneous bandwidth while preserving sensitivity, providing a pathway toward real-time broadband MW detection for radar, communications, and spectrum monitoring.
Yuechun Jiao, Yuwen Yin, Yunhui He, Jinlian Hu, Cheng Lu, Jingxu Bai, Zhengyang Bai, Weibin Li, Suotang Jia, Jianming Zhao
Commun. Phys. (2026)
10.1038/s42005-026-02941-9