量子信息速递 · 2026 年 11 月

序言

本刊按 APS、Nature、Science、Optica 四大系列的目标期刊以及 PNAS 检索量子信息与量子技术领域的新发表工作，经学科筛选后按期刊汇总。每一条给出中英文标题、作者、卷页与中文摘要，点击 DOI 可直达原文。中文标题、导读与摘要译文均由模型生成，速度优先、难免有疏漏，欢迎指出。

NatureNature1 篇

Nature 正刊中的量子信息与量子技术论文

No. 01

预热化动力学相变与共振熔化的观测Observation of prethermal dynamical phase transitions and resonant melting

★ 封面文章

利用可编程中性原子量子模拟器，在多达180个量子比特的自旋模型中研究淬火动力学，观测到预热化动力学相变以及共振熔化现象。

利用可编程的中性原子量子模拟器，探索了多达180个量子比特的自旋模型中的淬火动力学，揭示了预热化动力学相变与共振熔化。

Abstract (English)

The dynamics of isolated quantum systems following a sudden quench has a central role in many areas of material science, high-energy physics and quantum chemistry1–4. Such far-from-equilibrium quantum dynamics—which features complex phenomena with implications for thermalization, non-equilibrium phase transitions and Floquet phase engineering5–8—is challenging to study numerically, in particular, in high-dimensional systems9,10. Here we use a programmable neutral-atom quantum simulator11 to systematically explore quench dynamics in spin models with up to 180 qubits. By initializing the system in a product state and performing quenches across a broad parameter space, we discover several stable, qualitatively distinct dynamical regimes. We trace their robustness to Floquet-like prethermal steady states8 that are stabilized over exponentially long emergent timescales by strong dynamical constraints. We further observe sharp peaks in the dynamical response that are quantitatively explained by the structured melting of prethermalization through resonances. In two dimensions, we uncover a prethermally driven, first-order dynamical phase transition linked to the proliferation of Néel-order defects6,12, and probe it quantitatively using a generalized Clausius–Clapeyron test. Together, these results establish a programmable route to high-energy prethermal phase structure: long-lived dynamical phases, their resonant breakdown and a first-order dynamical phase transition that is not inherited from the equilibrium phase boundaries. A programmable neutral-atom quantum simulator is used to explore quench dynamics in spin models with up to 180 qubits, revealing prethermal dynamical phase transitions and resonant melting.

Siva Darbha, Alexey Khudorozhkov, Pedro L. S. Lopes, Fangli Liu, Ermal Rrapaj, Jan Balewski, Majd Hamdan, Pavel E. Dolgirev, Alexander Schuckert, Katherine Klymko, Sheng-Tao Wang, Mikhail D. Lukin, Daan Camps, Milan Kornjača
Nature (2026)
10.1038/s41586-026-11225-9

Nature CommunicationsNat. Commun.2 篇

Nature Communications 中的量子信息与量子技术论文

No. 02

Si/SiGe中T型结的传送带模式电子穿梭Conveyor-mode electron shuttling through a T-junction in Si/SiGe

★ 封面文章

在门控Si/SiGe中实现连接两条独立传送带通道的T型结，无需额外控制线即可完成电子路由，测得通道间电荷转移保真度接近100%，并可控填充54个量子点，为二维自旋量子比特架构提供可扩展路由方案。

门控Si/SiGe器件中的传送带模式穿梭，能够以可扩展数量的信号线，在数微米范围内绝热转移单个电子、电子图案以及受限在量子点中的自旋量子比特。要充分发挥其潜力，线性穿梭通道必须连接成具有可控路由的二维网格。我们提出一种连接两条独立驱动穿梭通道的T型结器件。跨结的电子路由除每条传送带已有的四个通道外，无需额外控制线。在270 mm s−1的瞬时电子速度下，我们测得通道间电荷转移保真度为 $$F={100.0000000}_{-9\times 1{0}^{-7}}^{+0}\,\%$$。54个量子点的填充由简单的原子脉冲控制，这使我们能够交换电子图案，为原生自旋量子比特SWAP门奠定基础。该T型结为可扩展的二维量子计算架构开辟了道路，可实现面向量子纠错的自旋量子比特灵活路由。传送带模式电子穿梭为连接自旋量子比特提供了一条可扩展路径，但推广到二维架构需要在穿梭通道之间实现可靠路由。作者在此演示了一种硅T型结，能够在传送带模式通道之间实现接近1的保真度的单电子转移。

Abstract (English)

Conveyor-mode shuttling in gated Si/SiGe devices enables adiabatic transfer of single electrons, electron patterns and spin qubits confined in quantum dots across several microns with a scalable number of signal lines. To realize their full potential, linear shuttle lanes must connect into a two-dimensional grid with controllable routing. We introduce a T-junction device linking two independently driven shuttle lanes. Electron routing across the junction requires no extra control lines beyond the four channels per conveyor belt. We measure an inter-lane charge transfer fidelity of $$F={100.0000000}_{-9\times 1{0}^{-7}}^{+0}\,\%$$ at an instantaneous electron velocity of 270 mm s−1. The filling of 54 quantum dots is controlled by simple atomic pulses, allowing us to swap electron patterns, laying the groundwork for a native spin-qubit SWAP gate. This T-junction establishes a path towards scalable, two-dimensional quantum computing architectures with flexible spin qubit routing for quantum error correction. Conveyor-mode electron shuttling offers a scalable route to connecting spin qubits, but extension to two-dimensional architectures requires reliable routing between shuttle lanes. Here, the authors demonstrate a silicon T-junction enabling near-unity fidelity transfer of single electrons between conveyor mode channels.

Max Beer, Ran Xue, Lennart Deda, Stefan Trellenkamp, Jhih-Sian Tu, Paul Surrey, Inga Seidler, Hendrik Bluhm, Lars R. Schreiber
Nat. Commun. 17, 11453 (2026)
10.1038/s41467-026-78805-1

No. 03

直接产生通信波段自旋—光子纠缠的贝尔非定域性Bell nonlocality with directly generated telecom-band spin–photon entanglement

★ 封面文章量子纠缠

用铷原子 1530 nm 偶极跃迁加腔辅助，从单个原子直接发出 C 波段通信光子，得到保真度 91.4% 的自旋—光子纠缠，并以 2.455(77) > 2 的贝尔不等式违背验证了非定域性。

量子非定域性通常通过量子网络中的纠缠分发来体现，是量子信息科学的基石。要实现纠缠的长距离分发，信息载体（即飞行光子）必须工作在光纤损耗最低的通信波段。尽管已有大量工作致力于在 C 波段通信光子与各类静止自旋之间直接产生纠缠，量子非定域性的验证仍是一项突出的挑战。本文利用铷原子中波长为 1530 nm 的偶极跃迁并结合腔辅助方案，实现了单个原子对 C 波段通信光子的共振激发与直接发射，产生自旋—光子纠缠，测得的贝尔态保真度超过 91.4%。随后，我们利用这对高质量纠缠对，观测到 2.455(77) > 2 的贝尔不等式违背，从而验证了贝尔非定域性。这些结果将单原子量子发射体的波长拓展至通信 C 波段，获得了足够高保真度的自旋—光子纠缠，最终实现了贝尔非定域性的验证。

Abstract (English)

Quantum nonlocality, typically revealed through entanglement distribution across quantum networks, is a cornerstone of quantum information science. Long-distance distribution of entanglement requires the information carrier, i.e., flying photons, to operate in the minimum-loss telecom band of optical fiber. While extensive efforts have been devoted to the direct generation of entanglement between C-band telecom photons and various stationary spins, the verification of quantum nonlocality remains an outstanding challenge. Here, utilizing a dipole transition in rubidium atoms with a wavelength of 1530 nm and a cavity-assisted protocol, we achieve resonant excitation and direct emission of C-band telecom photons from a single atom, generating spin–photon entanglement with a measured Bell state fidelity exceeding 91.4%. We then verify Bell nonlocality by observing a Bell inequality violation of 2.455(77) > 2 using this high-quality entangled pair. These results extend the wavelength of a single-atom quantum emitter to the telecom C-band, achieving sufficiently high-fidelity spin–photon entanglement to finally verify Bell nonlocality. The authors demonstrate the direct generation of telecom C-band spin-photon entanglement from a single neutral atom, achieving >91.4% Bell-state fidelity and a CHSH violation of 2.455(77), thereby establishing Bell nonlocality in a fiber-compatible quantum networking platform

Dong-Yu Huang, Jian Wang, Xiao-Long Zhou, Ze-Min Shen, Si-Jian He, Qi-Yang Huang, Yi-Jia Liu, Yu-Shu Chen, Quan Jiang, Chuan-Feng Li, Guang-Can Guo
Nat. Commun. (2026)
10.1038/s41467-026-79099-z

Science AdvancesSci. Adv.1 篇

Science Advances 中的量子信息与量子技术论文

No. 04

磁性量子点点亮创伤性脑损伤坏死神经元以解码MRI细胞来源Lighting up necrotic neurons from traumatic brain injury with magnetic quantum dots to decode the cellular origin of MRI

报道了一种锰掺杂近红外量子点，将高灵敏光学成像与临床兼容的磁共振成像内在融合，并借助全脑透明化三维成像与体外细胞实验，揭示MRI增强信号源于小胶质细胞向坏死神经元区域的趋向迁移。

创伤性脑损伤（TBI）的诊断仍严重受限于传统成像技术在可视化决定疾病进展与结局的病理事件方面的不足。为应对这一临床挑战，我们报道了一种锰掺杂近红外量子点（QD），将高灵敏光学成像与临床兼容的磁共振成像（MRI）内在地结合起来。借助全脑透明化与细胞分辨率三维（3D）全景成像所支持的光学成像，结合对TBI涉及的不同类型细胞的系统性体外细胞研究，我们通过磁性量子点的高灵敏荧光揭示了TBI成像所反映的可解释病理过程，即：经全身给药后，纳米探针经受损的血脑屏障外渗，随后被活化的小胶质细胞选择性吞噬，这些细胞继而迁移至富含死亡神经元和神经元碎片的区域。这种小胶质细胞介导的趋向性解码了纳米尺度造影剂增强MRI的信号来源，从而将MRI从解剖学工具转变为病理学报告工具。我们还将尺寸相近的生物相容性Fe 3 O 4 纳米颗粒与上述磁性量子点进行比较，以验证纳米颗粒在TBI的MRI诊断中的转化优势。

Abstract (English)

The diagnosis of traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains heavily constrained by the limitations of conventional imaging techniques in visualizing the pathological events that determine the disease progression and outcome. To address this clinical challenge, we report a manganese-doped near-infrared quantum dot (QD) to intrinsically integrate the highly sensitive optical imaging with clinical compatible magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Taking the advantages of optical imaging powered by whole-brain clearing and cellular resolution three-dimensional (3D) panoptic imaging, in combination with the systematic in vitro cell studies on different types of cells involved in TBI, we disclosed the interpretable pathology reflected by TBI imaging through the highly sensitive fluorescence of magnetic QDs, i.e., after systemic administration, the nanoprobes were extravasated through the compromised blood-brain barrier and then selectively phagocytosed by activated microglia, which subsequently migrated into the regions rich in dead neurons and neuronal debris. This microglia-mediated tropism decodes the signal origin of MRI enhanced by the nanometer-sized contrast agent, thereby transforming the MRI from an anatomical tool into a pathological reporter. A biocompatible Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticle of similar size was also compared with the magnetic QD mentioned above for validating the translational merits of nanoparticles in MRI diagnosis of TBI.

Mingxia Jiao, Xin Zhao, Jingyun Wang, Wanru Tian, Yao Li, Xuan Cheng, Kun Zhang, Xiliang Luo, Peisen Zhang, Mingyuan Gao
Sci. Adv. 12, 45 (2026)
10.1126/sciadv.aej0686

Communications PhysicsCommun. Phys.3 篇

Communications Physics 中的量子信息、量子光学与量子多体论文

No. 05

金刚石钟形探针实现局域驱动光电流的亚波长中红外成像Sub-wavelength mid-infrared imaging of locally driven photocurrents using diamond campanile probes

提出金刚石基金属—绝缘体—金属钟形探针，把10微米中红外光绝热压缩到约0.7微米，用于石墨烯局域光电流的亚波长成像，光电流信号密度增强约10³倍。

将中红外（mid-IR）光精确、高效地汇聚到亚波长体积，对于探测低能激发和实现强场增强至关重要，但长波长下的吸收损耗与耦合效率低下阻碍了这一目标。本文提出一种基于金刚石的金属—绝缘体—金属钟形探针，可将自由空间中的中红外光（10 μm）绝热压缩至约0.7 μm的尺度。该探针集成到扫描光电压显微镜中，实现了石墨烯中局域驱动光电流的亚波长成像，在低至约0.1 eV的能量下分辨出偏振相关且对接触敏感的响应。实验揭示出光电流信号密度增强达10 3 倍、光功率耦合效率高于1%、近场光通量密度提高18倍，与数值模拟结果一致。该探针在量子级联激光器和自由电子激光器上的运行表明，它是一个稳健、光谱可调的平台，可用于高分辨率探索原子级薄材料中的低能载流子动力学，为中红外光电子学和量子光子学开辟了机会。

Abstract (English)

Precise and high efficiency concentration of mid-infrared (mid-IR) light into sub-wavelength volumes is essential for probing low-energy excitations and achieving strong field enhancements, which is hindered by absorption losses and coupling inefficiencies at long wavelengths. Here, we introduce a diamond-based metal-insulator-metal campanile probe that adiabatically compresses free-space mid-infrared light (10 μm) into ≈ 0.7 μm domain. Integrated into a scanning photovoltage microscope, the probe enables sub-wavelength mapping of locally driven photocurrents in graphene, resolving polarization-dependent and contact-sensitive responses at energies down to ≈ 0.1 eV. Experiments reveal a photocurrent signal density enhancement of 10 3 , coupling light power efficiencies above 1%, and an 18-fold increase in near-field light flux density, in agreement with numerical simulations. Operation of the probe with quantum cascade and free-electron lasers demonstrates a robust, spectrally tunable platform for high-resolution exploration of low-energy carrier dynamics in atomically thin materials, opening opportunities for mid-IR optoelectronics and quantum photonics.

Rajasekhar Medapalli, Nathan D. Cottam, Khushboo Agarwal, Benjamin T. Dewes, Nils Dessmann, Sergio Gonzalez-Munoz, Wenjing Yan, Vaidotas Mišeikis, Sergey Kafanov, Rostislav V. Mikhaylovskiy, Samuel P. Jarvis, Camilla Coletti, Britta Redlich, Amalia Patanè, Oleg V. Kolosov
Commun. Phys. (2026)
10.1038/s42005-026-02954-4

No. 06

由一维纳米带原子级编织合成二维量子材料Synthetic 2D quantum materials from atomic weaving of 1D nanoribbons

提出原子尺度乐高式策略，将石墨烯纳米带交织成稳定周期性的二维网络，带隙由带宽决定、带间距调控带宽并在费米能级附近形成平带，还构筑出对称保护的笼目与方格晶格。

由低维构建单元自下而上范德华（vdW）组装量子材料，为设计具有定制量子性质的材料提供了一条灵活且结构明确的途径。虽然堆叠二维（2D）范德华材料已经产生了高度可调的演生拓扑与关联现象平台，并开辟了具有广泛横向设计自由度的三维（3D）层状结构之路，但其他低维材料的自下而上范德华组装在很大程度上仍未被探索。本文提出一种原子尺度乐高式构建策略，从一维纳米带组装出二维材料，通过对晶格几何、堆叠和边缘构型的原子尺度控制，在结构层面嵌入设计自由度。以石墨烯纳米带（GNRs）为原型，我们发展了一种通用编织方法，将平直或弯曲的纳米带交织成稳定、周期性的二维网络——这类似于把二维薄片堆叠成三维晶体，只不过是从一维单元推进到二维架构。由此得到的编织石墨烯纳米带（w-GNRs）表现出依赖于几何的电子行为：带宽度决定带隙，而带间间距控制带宽并在费米能级附近导致平带形成。通过编织弯曲纳米带，我们构建了具有对称保护平带和轨道简并的笼目与方格晶格构型。这一原子乐高框架使得由一维组分可规模化构建人工二维材料成为可能，拓展了具有演生量子性质的高度可调二维体系的设计空间。

Abstract (English)

The bottom-up van der Waals (vdW) assembly of quantum materials from low-dimensional building blocks provides a flexible and structurally defined route for designing materials with tailored quantum properties. While stacking two-dimensional (2D) vdW materials has yielded highly tunable platforms for emergent topological and correlated phenomena and has opened pathways toward three-dimensional (3D) layered architectures with extensive lateral design flexibility, the bottom-up vdW assembly of other low-dimensional materials remains largely unexplored. Here, we propose an atomic-scale Lego construction strategy that assembles 2D materials from 1D nanoribbons, embedding design freedom at the structural level through atomic-scale control over lattice geometry, stacking, and edge configuration. Using graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) as a prototype, we develop a general weaving approach that interlaces flat or curved ribbons into stable, periodic 2D networks-analogous to stacking 2D sheets into 3D crystals, but instead progressing from 1D elements to 2D architectures. The resulting woven GNRs (w-GNRs) exhibit geometry-dependent electronic behavior: ribbon width determines the band gap, while inter-ribbon spacing controls the bandwidth and leads to flat-band formation near the Fermi level. By weaving curved ribbons, we construct kagome and square lattice configurations that host symmetry-protected flat bands and orbital degeneracies. This atomic Lego framework enables scalable construction of artificial 2D materials from 1D components, expanding the design space for highly tunable 2D systems with emergent quantum properties.

Xin Wang, Qiaoling Xu, Dongdong An, Tao Zhang, Lanting Shi, Xianliang Zhou, Bo Lin, Kaiwei Wan, Zhuqin Zhang, Majeed Ur Rehman, Lede Xian
Commun. Phys. 9 (2026)
10.1038/s42005-026-02936-6

No. 07

基于斯塔克梳与可扩展里德堡气室阵列的按需瞬时带宽微波接收机On-demand instantaneous bandwidth microwave receiver via scalable Rydberg Vapor cell array with Stark comb

提出斯塔克梳空间复用的可扩展架构，使每个里德堡气室成为独立频率选择性外差通道，实验验证210兆赫兹瞬时带宽接收，灵敏度326.6 nVcm⁻¹·Hz⁻¹ᐟ²。

基于里德堡原子的微波（MW）传感器具有高灵敏度和本征可溯源性，但其瞬时带宽从根本上受原子相干时间限制。本文提出一种可扩展的传感架构，通过用斯塔克梳对原子探测通道进行空间复用，克服了这一限制：其中微波频率梳（MFC）与位置相关的斯塔克场使每个里德堡气室都成为一个独立的频率选择性外差接收机。我们用21线微波频率梳对各个斯塔克频移通道进行顺序表征，实验验证了210 MHz瞬时带宽的信道化接收机架构，并在载波共振频率调谐160 MHz的情况下仍保持326.6 nVcm −1 Hz −1/2 的整体灵敏度。要在210 MHz带宽上实现完全同时运行，需要所有通道的并行实现与读出。这种可扩展架构在保持灵敏度的同时实现了按需瞬时带宽，为雷达、通信和频谱监测中的实时宽带微波探测提供了一条途径。

Abstract (English)

Rydberg-atom-based microwave (MW) sensors offer high sensitivity and intrinsic traceability, but their instantaneous bandwidth is fundamentally limited by atomic coherence time. Here, we introduce a scalable sensing architecture that overcomes this limitation by spatially multiplexing atomic detection channels with a Stark comb, in which an MW frequency comb (MFC) and a position-dependent Stark field enable each Rydberg vapor cell to function as an independent frequency-selective heterodyne receiver. We experimentally validate the 210 MHz instantaneous-bandwidth channelized receiver architecture through sequential characterization of individual Stark-shifted channels using a 21-line MFC, while maintaining an overall sensitivity of 326.6 nVcm −1 Hz −1/2 despite a 160 MHz tuning of the carrier resonance frequency. Full simultaneous operation across the 210 MHz bandwidth requires parallel implementation and readout of all channels. This scalable architecture enables on-demand instantaneous bandwidth while preserving sensitivity, providing a pathway toward real-time broadband MW detection for radar, communications, and spectrum monitoring.

Yuechun Jiao, Yuwen Yin, Yunhui He, Jinlian Hu, Cheng Lu, Jingxu Bai, Zhengyang Bai, Weibin Li, Suotang Jia, Jianming Zhao
Commun. Phys. (2026)
10.1038/s42005-026-02941-9

Light: Science & ApplicationsLight Sci. Appl.1 篇

Light: Science & Applications 中的量子光学与光量子器件论文

No. 08

高度非简并多光梳与超快系统中的长程频谱纠缠和量子关联Long-range spectral entanglement and quantum correlations in highly nondegenerate multi-comb and ultrafast systems

量子纠缠

提出由单一闲频光梳介导级联三波混频的机制，在高度非简并多光梳与超快脉冲系统中直接产生跨大光谱范围的梳间与梳内双模压缩和纠缠，并可通过协方差矩阵优化定制目标簇态。

光频梳是多模光子体系，支撑着无数精密传感与计量应用。自二十多年前问世以来，大量研究不断推动光频梳向更宽带宽和更稳定运行发展。近来，人们已在单光梳系统中探索量子压缩与纠缠，用于连续变量量子计算和量子增强光谱学。然而，跨多个非简并脉冲或光频梳产生明亮量子光——多光谱应用的一项关键技术——在很大程度上仍未被探索。本工作研究一种机制：通过由单一闲频光梳介导的级联三波上转换与下转换过程，产生一系列非线性耦合的明亮光频梳。我们同时考虑离散光频梳和宽带超快脉冲系统，展示这些系统如何在频率基上直接产生梳间与梳内双模压缩和纠缠，覆盖大光谱范围。此外，我们证明如何通过协方差矩阵优化来设计这些系统，以产生目标簇态和集中的双模压缩。我们的发现揭示了一个由两个频率维度上的层级非线性相互作用所开启的新多模量子体制，为纠缠辅助光谱学、压缩增强泵浦-探测测量、量子光谱复用以及量子信息科学中光谱可寻址的簇态产生等应用开辟了道路。

Abstract (English)

Frequency combs are multimode photonic systems that underlie countless precision sensing and metrology applications. Since their invention over two decades ago, numerous efforts have pushed frequency combs to broader bandwidths and more stable operation. More recently, quantum squeezing and entanglement have been explored in single-comb systems for continuous-variable quantum computing and quantum-enhanced spectroscopy. However, the production of bright quantum light across multiple nondegenerate pulses or frequency combs, a key technology for multispectral applications, remains largely unexplored. In this work, we explore a mechanism that generates a series of nonlinearly coupled bright frequency combs through cascaded three-wave upconversion and downconversion processes mediated by a single idler comb. We consider both discrete combs and broadband ultrafast pulse systems, showing how these systems generate inter- and intracomb two-mode squeezing and entanglement directly in the frequency basis, spanning a large spectral range. Furthermore, we demonstrate how these systems can be engineered to produce target cluster states and concentrated two-mode squeezing through covariance matrix optimization. Our findings uncover a new multimode quantum regime enabled by hierarchical nonlinear interactions in two frequency dimensions, unlocking applications such as entanglement-assisted spectroscopy, squeezing-enhanced pump-probe measurements, quantum spectral multiplexing, and spectrally addressable cluster state generation for quantum information science.

Sahil Pontula, Debasmita Banerjee, Marin Soljačić, Yannick Salamin
Light Sci. Appl. 15 (2026)
10.1038/s41377-026-02491-3

OpticaOptica1 篇

Optica 中的量子光学、集成光子学与光纤传感论文

No. 09

赫兹级分辨率宽跨度光子集成太赫兹信号分析仪Hz-resolution wide-span photonic integrated terahertz signal analyzer

展示了一种光子集成太赫兹信号分析仪方案，兼具赫兹级频率分辨率与宽跨度测量能力，为芯片化太赫兹频谱表征提供了新途径。

原文摘要暂未获取，无法提供完整译文。

Abstract (English)

（原文摘要暂未获取到，可点链接查看）

Aleksei Gaier, jiawen liu, Ekaterina Mironova, Gabriel Jülg, Ileana-Cristina Benea-Chelmus
Optica (2026)
10.1364/optica.613272